Monoethanolamine (MEA)

Monoethanolamine (MEA)

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Monoethanolamine (MEA), also known by its trade names 2-Aminoethanol or Ethanolamine, is an organic chemical compound widely used in the chemical, pharmaceutical, agricultural, and gas treatment industries. It is both a primary amine and a primary alcohol, giving it unique reactivity and versatility

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Chemical Profile of Monoethanolamine (MEA)

  • Chemical Formula: C₂H₇NO
  • Molecular Weight: 61.08 g/mol
  • CAS Number: 141-43-5
  • Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow viscous liquid
  • Odor: Ammonia-like
  • Boiling Point: ~170 °C (338 °F)
  • Solubility: Completely miscible with water, alcohol, and acetone
  • pH (1% solution): Strongly alkaline

Because MEA has both hydroxyl (-OH) and amine (-NH₂) groups, it acts as a weak base and is highly reactive in producing salts, esters, and surfactants.

Industrial Applications of Monoethanolamine (MEA)

  1. Gas Treatment & CO₂ Capture
    • MEA is one of the most commonly used amines in acid gas scrubbing systems.
    • It effectively removes carbon dioxide (CO₂) and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) from natural gas, biogas, and refinery gases.
  2. Detergents & Cleaning Agents
    • Used as a pH adjuster and emulsifier in liquid detergents, soaps, and shampoos.
    • Improves grease-cutting and foaming properties.
  3. Agriculture & Fertilizers
    • Functions as an intermediate in the production of herbicides and pesticides.
    • Plays a role in slow-release nitrogen fertilizers.
  4. Textiles & Leather
    • Used as a softening and dyeing agent.
    • Improves the penetration of dyes into fibers.
  5. Cement & Construction Industry
    • Works as a grinding aid in cement manufacturing.
    • Enhances workability and reduces energy consumption.
  6. Pharmaceutical & Cosmetic Industry
    • Serves as an intermediate in producing active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs).
    • Utilized in creams, lotions, and cosmetics as an emulsifier.

Global Market Insights for Monoethanolamine (MEA)

  • Global Demand: Over 1.8 million metric tons annually.
  • Leading Producers: BASF, Dow Chemical, Huntsman Corporation, SABIC, and Sinopec.
  • Regional Consumption:
    • Asia-Pacific is the largest consumer due to rapid industrialization in China and India.
    • North America and Europe have stable demand driven by gas sweetening and surfactants.
  • Growth Rate (CAGR): Estimated ~4.5% (2023–2030), mainly driven by environmental regulations requiring CO₂ capture and the expansion of personal care products.

Storage and Safety Information

  • Hazard Classification: Corrosive (causes burns to skin and eyes).
  • Storage Conditions:
    • Store in stainless steel or lined containers.
    • Keep in a cool, well-ventilated area away from strong oxidizers.
  • Personal Protection: Use gloves, goggles, and protective clothing when handling.
  • Transportation: Classified as a hazardous material under UN 2491.

Key Takeaways

Monoethanolamine (MEA) is a highly versatile basic chemical with broad industrial applications, especially in gas treatment, detergents, construction, and agriculture. Its dual functionality as an amine and alcohol makes it an indispensable raw material in the global chemical market. With rising environmental concerns and stricter regulations on carbon emissions, the demand for MEA in CO₂ capture technologies is expected to grow significantly in the coming decade.

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